Trauma Nurse Core Course (TNCC) Practice Exam

What is the most common cause of preventable death in trauma patients?

1. Hemorrhage

2. Pneumothorax

3. Cardiac arrest

4. Infection

The correct answer is: Hemorrhage

Hemorrhage is recognized as the most common cause of preventable death in trauma patients due to its immediate and life-threatening nature. When a patient experiences trauma, particularly in severe cases such as blunt or penetrating injuries, significant blood loss can occur rapidly. This can lead to hypovolemic shock and multi-organ failure if not promptly addressed. Timely intervention to control bleeding, such as through surgical procedures, advanced trauma life support protocols, or the administration of fluids and blood products, is crucial for patient survival. The statistics underscore the impact of hemorrhage, indicating that many trauma-related fatalities are linked to uncontrolled bleeding, especially within the first hour following injury—often referred to as the "golden hour" of trauma care. In comparison, while conditions like pneumothorax, cardiac arrest, and infection also contribute to mortality in trauma patients, they generally do not present the same immediate threat as hemorrhage. Pneumothorax can certainly be life-threatening, but it is often manageable if detected and treated swiftly. Cardiac arrest in trauma victims can occur due to various factors, including hemorrhagic shock and complications, but it is often a result of untreated severe internal bleeding or inadequate resuscitation efforts. Infection, while a significant concern following